The Meaning of Heart of Darkness in the Post-Colonial Climate Essay

The Meaning of marrow of Darkness in the Post-Colonial Climate Since its offspring in 1899, Joseph Conrads knocker of Darkness has rarely been disputed on the basis of its literary merits in fact, it was long seen as one of the great novels of the burgeoning red-brick era, a sort of bridge between the values and storytelling styles of the waning Victorian period and those of the modern era (Gatten), and regarded a high-ranking space amidst the great writings of the century, if not the millennia (Mitchell 20). Conrads literary masterpiece manages references to other great literature, universal themes which cut to the heart of philosophical questions of the innate goodness or evil of man, and diachronic references such as the Belgium and Roman empires (Kuchta 160), among other accomplishments, and so has garnered a lexicon all its own in the annals of literary criticism, debate, and analysis. Much consideration given Heart centers around a pivotal concern of the era in which it was written that of what, in hindsight, were the early death rattles of the heyday of European colonialism, specifically in Africa. there is some debate amongst critics as to whether the novel, ultimately, is a morality tale about human greed, power, and evil (one could toss in deceit, cowardice, and a host of psychological considerations as well), or more a sociological commentary upon the morality of colonialism and imperialism from the point of view of a highly disillusioned expatriate moody agent for the empire, turned anti-imperialist (the character of Marlow in the novel Conrad himself, in spite of his best efforts to disguise his input behind characterization) (Films for Humanities and Sciences). The truth is almost certainly, ... ...erald. Teaching the Politics of Heart of Darkness. An Introduction to Literature. Terry, Joseph. New York, NY Longman, 2001. 1691-1692Kuchta, Todd. Envisioning Africa Racism and Imperialism in Conrads Heart of Darkness. Victoria n Studies 44 (1 October, 2001) 159.Mitchell, Angus. New Light on the Heart of Darkness. History Today declination 1999 p20-28.Mwikisa , Peter. Conrads image of Africa Recovering African voices in Heart of Darkness. Mots Pluriels April 2000. Ngugi Wa Thing. Writers in Politic A Re-engagement with Issues in Literature and Society. Revised and enlarged ed. Nairobi, Oxford and Portsmouth mob Currey,East African Educational Publishers and Heinemann, 1981. Zeger, Barry. Sometimes a Cigar is a Large Black Phallus. Spy Magazine July/August 1996 13.

The Crucilbe: Theater Project. Includes Directorial, Set, Sound, And C

I chose Arthur Millers The Crucible because of the plots dark history and suspense. Also because of the plays locution of McCarthyism. The so called witch-hunts for communist brought on by Senator Joseph. The play is set in Salem, Massachusetts, 1692, where suspicions of witchcraft were floating around the t hold air. performance 1 starts out in early spring and stopping points in Act 4 when it is late fall. The play opens with Betty Parris sick in bed, and Reverend Parris tending to her, and wondering what made her so sick. curtly Abigail Williams saunters in, and through much probing, Reverend Parris eventually finds out that she, Tituba, Susanna Walcott and Betty were all involved together in a secret practicing of witchcraft. Abigail tells of a dance around a cauldron in the woods, and says that was all that happened. But, when Reverend Parris reveals how he was in the woods at that particular time, and saw the dances, Abigail gradually explains what went on, while leaving h erself out as the main practitioner. She says she was forced into it all by the other girls and Tituba. Now the stage is set for a variety of unexpected accusations, scandals and tribulations.The main characters are Abigial Williams, the trouble manufacturer of the play, is the niece of Reverend Parris. Though only 13 years old she manages to get the whole village in an uproar. With the help of the other girls in the village, she fools the Salem council into opinion that the devil has inhabited certain citizens. Reverend Parris is the minister for Salem. He is a paranoid, power hungry man. He is more concerned about his reputation than his fille and nieces souls when the first rumors of witchcraft get under way. However, he quickly learns to take advantage of the witch craze for his own personal gain.John Proctor had an social function with Abigail when she was his household servant. He hates hypocrisy, and his hidden sin causes him a great deal of lesson anguish. He hesitates to expose Abigail as a fraud because he knows his own conscience is unclean. He does not try to expose her as a liar until it is too late. He is accused of witchcraft and convicted. He suffers a moral dilemma over the decision to confess or not to confess to witchcraft. He confessed his affair before Danforth and Hathorne because he refuses to a... ...o show that she was a servant and wasnt clothed in the same clothes as her masters.Last is big(a). This play didnt have any chances for back ground music except for the end of each act. The ending song for Act 1 is called Pulse which is performed by The Kroumata Percussion Ensamble located on the C.D. The 2nd Construction. It contains light xylophone, snare drum, middle ear and bells. Act 2 opens with the living room and Elizabeth singing in the back ground. It also had a fire place so I wanted the sound of the fire crackling randomly through the scene. Then we hear the neighing of a horse and John monitoring device arrives.Act 3 e nds with the uproar from John proctor and I chose another piece from The Kroumata Percussion Ensamble entitled Soldiers Song which is a series of drum rolls, base drum crashes and timpani rolls. Act 4 leads us to the jail cell where the fall moon is shining through the window and the sounds of frogs and crickets can be heard. The scene ends with John being taken away to the hallows. For this scene I wanted a constant percussion ensemble of sounds and to get increasingly louder as the curtain falls.

Essay on The Yellow Wallpaper: Imprisoned -- Yellow Wallpaper essays

Imprisoned inThe Yellow Wallpaper As man developed more mingled social systems, society placed more emphasis of childbearing. Over time, motherhood was raised to the status of saintly. This was certainly true in western cultures during the deeply 19th/early 20th century. Charlotte Perkins Gilman did not agree with the image of motherhood that society proposed to its members at the time. Arguably The Yellow Wallpaper reveals womens frustration in a culture that seemingly glorifies motherhood while it actually relegates women to nursery-prisons (Bauer 65). Among the many other social commentaries contained within this story, is the symbolic use of the nursery as a prison for the main character. From the very beginning the room that is called a nursery brings to mind that of a prison cell or torture chamber. First we contain that outside the house there are locking gates, and the room itself contains barred windows and rings on the walls. The paper is stripped off all around the be d, as far as is reachable, almost as if someone had been tied to the bed with nothing else to do. A jail-like yellow is the color of the walls, which brings to mind a basement broad of convicts rather than a vacation house. I think that this image of the nursery as a holding cell is first an analogy for the narrators feelings of being intent and hidden away by her husband. When she repeatedly asks John to take her away, he refuses with different excuses every time. Either their lease will almost be up, or the other room does not have enough space, etc. Even the simple request to have the paper changed is ignored He said that subsequently the wall-paper was changed it would be the heavy bedstead, and then the barred windows, and the... ...r members of the animal kingdom, humans have not evolved any longer with such strong maternal instinct. Nurseries probably detain and imprisoned many a young mother who listened to society and did what she thought she was supposed to. And once they got there, maybe they realized it was not how they wanted to live their life. Yet, they could not abandon their families and children, and so they were trapped by the cradle, the toys, the bottles, the nursery. Works Cited Bauer, Dale, ed. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, From Women and Economics, Think Husbands Arent Mainstays, Dr. Clairs Place, From The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Gilman 317-18. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. From The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gillman. Gilman 334-44. - - -. The Yellow Wallpaper. 1892. Ed. Dale M. Bauer. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 1998. 41-59.

Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells Essay -- Science Health Technology

Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells A paper cell is a cell which female genital organ differentiate into any other type of cell in the body. It can become a blood cell, a liver cell, or even a nerve cell. The only problem with stem cells is that they can only be found in the bone marrow of living humans or the gonadal tissue of developing fet purposes. There are many a(prenominal) people who believe that stem cells are the miracle cure for cancer, Parkinsons, and many other terminal diseases, but there are large groups of people opposed to the use of stem cells because of the means by which they are attained. This debate will go on indefinitely, because there are prodigious amounts of support for both sides of the issue. The many benefits of stem cells out weigh the ethical issues behind the retrieval methods. There are many diseases that can be cured with stem cells. Lou Gehrigs disease is a disorder in which the nerve cells which operate muscles degrade over time (Langreth, 2001 ). There is no certain cure for the disease, but embryonic stem cells guard been known to differentiate into motor neurons (Langreth, 2001). The fact that stem cells can become motor neurons is astonishing because they can lead to a cure for Lou Gehrigs disease. The happening of curing this disease has many positive implications. Before, anyone who developed this condition was labeled as dead because there was no possibility of curing the disorder. The fact that we harbor a chance to cure this disease through the use of stem cells gives the people who suffer from the disease a glimmer of hope that they can be cured. Another disease which can possibly be cured through the use of stem cells is X-SCID. X-SCID is an X-linked immunodeficiency that is genetically inherited... ...5F0+ds+%5Fs%5F0+dstb+KS+fcl+Aut+hd+0+hs+0+or+ epoch+ri+KAAACBVB00236207+sm+KS+ss+SO+C061&cf=1&fn=1&rn=1&+KS+so+b+ss+SO+C495&cf=1&fn=311&rn=3194. Langreth, Robert. Daring to Live. Retrieved work 25, 2003 from http//web13.epnet.com/citation.asp?tb=1&_ug=dbs+0+ln+en%2Dus+sid+EEDE302C%2DD4AF%2D4AE5%2D8E99%2D32B074FDD225%40sessionmgr3%2Dsessionmgr4+2762&_up=dba+aphdeh+st+alpha+43DB&_us=bs+ALS++AND++stem++cells+ds+ALS++AND++stem++cells+dstb+KS+hd+0+hs+0+or+ assure+ri+KAAACBVB00282442+sm+KS+so+b+ss+SO+1F99&cf=1&fn=1&rn=1&5. FDA Consumer. Temporary Halt on Gene Therapy Trials. Retrieved March 25, 2003 from http//web13.epnet.com/citation.asp?tb=1&_ug=dbs+0+ln+en%2Dus+sid+EEDE302C%2DD4AF%2D4AE5%2D8E99%2D32B074FDD225%40sessionmgr3%2Dsessionmgr4+2762&_us=bs+X%2DSCID+ds+X%2DSCID+dstb+KS+gl+%5Fs%5F8+hd+0+hs+0+or+Date+ri+KAAACBVB00282749+sm+KS+so+b+ss+SO+CBEE&cf=1&fn=1&rn=1&

Mass Media’s Undermining of Societal Values During Health Care Reform E

Mass Medias Undermining of Societal Values During Health boot ReformThere is little doubt that common chord years ago the American people wanted wellness premeditation reform. countersign media saw the controversy over wellness condole with reform as a strong issue to discuss in theirproductions, and most fulfilled their responsibility as an information medium to provide equalopportunity for some(prenominal) sides of this debate to reveal the benefits of their plans and the drawbacks oftheir opponents. However, when interest groups became involved in this dispute, advertisingtheir own beliefs against the Clinton Health maintenance Reform Plan, they manipulated the public byusing scare tactics. News media incorporated these ads in their coverage of the benefits anddrawbacks of the proposed changes and the present system. The American public persuadedCongress to kill any effort by the Clinton Administration to universalize health care because ofthe interest groups advertisements and the intelligence service medias emphasis on the accuracy of themessages displayed in these ads. The lack of support for health care reform was because of thefear and confusion the news media created. In this paper I will argue that mass medias exposingthe American Public to interest groups advertisements and the news medias analyzing theseadvertisements in their health care reform reports reinforced the interest groups messages. Thisreinforcement led media to acknowledge the interest groups basis for disagreement over and theflaws of health care reform. The disagreement over and flaws of health care reform eventuallyled to the downfall of this initiative and of societys valuing improvements in health care. Newsmedia undermined societal values by ignoring how health care reform... ... they rejected health care reform, and ignored mass mediasattention to health care reform. Otherwise, society would have had what it wanted universalhealth care and an news medium respecting, not scaring its audience out of wise and beneficialdecisions.Page 8Works Cited PageBeck, Melinda. Rationing Health Care Newsweek 27 June 1994 30.Bureaucats Coalition For Health Insurance 24 June 1994.Changes Alternate 2 Health Insurance Association of America 24 June 1994.Defuse Health Care Bill. The Arizona Republic 18 July 1994 2.Greenwald, John. OUCH Which Hurts More, The Shot Or The Bill? Time 8 March 199353-55.Reich, Robert F. National Health Care Reform Comparing quartette Alternative Plans. IllinoisBusiness Review 22 March 1994 3.Wright, Robert. The Technology Time Bomb. The New Republic 29 March 1993 25-30.

Mass Media’s Undermining of Societal Values During Health Care Reform E

Mass Medias Undermining of Societal Values During health Care ReformThere is little interrogative that three years ago the American people wanted wellness care restore.News media saw the contr all oversy over wellness care reform as a strong issue to discuss in theirproductions, and most fulfilled their responsibility as an information medium to provide equal hazard for both sides of this debate to reveal the benefits of their plans and the drawbacks oftheir opponents. However, when interest groups became involved in this dispute, advertisingtheir own beliefs against the Clinton health Care Reform Plan, they manipulated the public byusing shoot tactics. News media incorporated these ads in their coverage of the benefits anddrawbacks of the proposed changes and the present system. The American public persuadedCongress to kill any effort by the Clinton Administration to customaryize health care because ofthe interest groups advertisements and the news medias emphasis on the accur acy of themessages displayed in these ads. The lack of support for health care reform was because of thefear and wateriness the news media created. In this paper I will argue that mass medias exposingthe American Public to interest groups advertisements and the news medias analyzing theseadvertisements in their health care reform reports reinforced the interest groups messages. Thisreinforcement led media to acknowledge the interest groups basis for disagreement over and theflaws of health care reform. The disagreement over and flaws of health care reform eventuallyled to the downfall of this initiative and of societys valuing improvements in health care. Newsmedia undermined societal values by ignoring how health care reform... ... they rejected health care reform, and ignored mass mediasattention to health care reform. Otherwise, society would have had what it wanted universalhealth care and an news medium respecting, not scaring its audience out of wise and beneficialdecisions. Page 8Works Cited PageBeck, Melinda. Rationing Health Care Newsweek 27 June 1994 30.Bureaucats Coalition For Health Insurance 24 June 1994.Changes Alternate 2 Health Insurance Association of America 24 June 1994.Defuse Health Care Bill. The Arizona Republic 18 July 1994 2.Greenwald, John. OUCH Which Hurts More, The Shot Or The Bill? Time 8 March 199353-55.Reich, Robert F. National Health Care Reform comparison Four Alternative Plans. IllinoisBusiness Review 22 March 1994 3.Wright, Robert. The Technology Time Bomb. The New Republic 29 March 1993 25-30.

Titration Research Paper

Quantitative Chemistry Titration Determination of the Molarity of an Unknown Solution with Acid-Base Titration Technique 1. Introduction 1. 1 Aim The aim of this investigation was to bump the precise thou of two (NaOH(aq)) sodium hydrated oxide answers produced at the beginning of the experiment through the stifling-base titration technique. 1. 2 Theoretical Background Titration is a method usually apply in laboratory investigations to carry out chemical analysis. The most frequent chemical analysis performed through titration is when find out the exact concentration of a solution of unknown groinarity.This technique is usually used in redox and stifling-base chemical chemical reactions. Redox reaction is when reduction lost of oxygen of one of the substances present in a reaction occurs and subsequently oxidation gain of oxygen of the second substance in the alike(p) reaction takes place. On the other hand, stifling-base reaction is when a solution of known molarity 2 and lot present in a conelike flaskful is titrated against a solution of unknown molarity in a burette until neutralization is reached. As I have shown in eq. 1, in this investigation it was an acid reacting with a base, hence, an acid-base titration. q. 1 Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium hydroxide Sodium Chloride + wet HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) In this investigation the latter reaction was carried out, having hydrochloric acid (HCl(aq)) as the analyte in the conical flask and sodium hydroxide (NaOH(aq)) as the titrant in the burette. The analyte was also designated as the standard solution of the experiment, since it has known appraises of great deal and concentration, the figures that fall by the waysideed the molarity of the titrant to be frontd.In an acid-base titration, the titrant in the burette is gradually added to the analyte in the conical flask until neutralisation happens, thus, the reaction reaches comp permition. When neutralisation happens the substa nces present at the end point are stoichiometrically equivalent, in other words, the set of moles of NaOH(aq) present at the end of the reaction is equivalent to the revalue of moles of HCl(aq) in the same solution as shown on eq. 2 below. eq. 2 HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) 1 1The end point of a titration reaction can be obtained through two major methods. Firstly is by victimisation a pH meter which whole kit by introducing electrodes to the flask containing the standard solution. Once in the conical flask, these electrodes would measure the H+ ions present in the conical flask since they change as the titrant in added, until neutralisation happens, as a result, determining the pH of the solution. sagacious that neutralization happens when the pH of the solution is equal to 7, consequently, at the end point the pH meter will read 7.The second method would be using a people of colour indicator this could be paper or in liquid form. In an acid-base titration it would be convenient to use an indicator in liquid. For instance, phenolphthalein is a recurrent indicator in this type of reaction which is colour slight in an acidic solution and turns pinkish when in a basic solution. This indicator works by adding a few drops into the conical flask containing the acidic analyte and titrate the basic titrant drop-wise until colour of the solution formed in the conical flask changes to pink.All things considered, the colour indicator was used in this experiment since it is the most accessible method to measure the end point of an acid-base titration. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the unknown molarity of NaOH(aq) from acid-base titration. The preparation of NaOH(aq) was done by the learners performing this investigation. The students were allocated mass of NaOH(s) that was diluted in water and hence obtained the solution NaOH(aq), in this case the titrant. However, the analyte was not produced by the student but provided.Therefore, after the titration was performed as explained on the previous paragraphs, the data needed to guess the molarity of NaOH(aq) was obtained. 1. 3 Preliminary calculations 1. 3. 1 The first important value to be obtained from the investigation was the volume of NaOH(aq) used. This was done by the following equation eq. 3 for 1st solution produced Average volume volume of 2nd attempt volume of 1st trial2= V1 eq. 4 for 2nd solution produced Average volume volume of 2nd trial volume of 1st trial2= V2 1. 3. The next step when determining the molarity of NaOH(aq) was to calculate the moles of HCl(aq) by using the volume HCl(aq) provided on the lab scripts and the molarity obtained from the bottle of HCl(aq) used during the investigation. The eq. 5 and eq. 6 below was used to calculate eq. 5 moles1 = V1 (dm3) ? molarity (M) eq. 6 moles2 = V2 (dm3) ? molarity (M) 1. 3. 3 The third important equation, for both solutions, worth noting are the number of moles of NaOH(aq) present in the reaction. This was obtained by using ratio of the moles of NaOH(aq) HCl(aq) used during the investigation.This can be recalled by eq. 2 eq. 2 HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) 1 1 1. 3. 4 Hence, moles of both solutions of NaOH(aq) will be the same as the number of moles of HCl(aq) since the mole ratio is 11. That is for e rattling one mole of HCl(aq) reacted, one mole of NaOH(aq) would have reacted with to neutralise the acid. Hence, the following equation will be used eq. 7 moles of HCl(aq)= NaOH(aq) 1. 3. 5 failly, the equation of the molarity of NaOH(aq) eq. 8 Molarity for solution 1 =moles1volume1 q. 9 Molarity for solution 1 =moles1volume1 2. Investigation 2. 1 Apparatus Due to the nature of the investigation very technical and precise laboratory apparatus were used to ensure best accuracy in results. For instance, in order to measure the acid, a pipette of exactly 20ml was used. This was very useful since it helped in diminishing the chance of measuring either more o r less of acid needed for the investigation. Similarly, the burette used to titrate the NaOH(aq) had 50 ml of volume this allowed seemly volume of NaOH(aq) to be titrated, since the exact volume to neutralise the acid was unknown.Another precise apparatus was the magnetic stirrer. Being magnetic and electric it allowed the solution in the flask to be mixed continuously and vigorously and hence allow the exact volume of acid to be obtained. The other apparatus that were also used in this experiment were the solutions titrant and analyte themselves. The sodium hydroxide was given in pellets whereas the hydrochloric acid was provided in liquid form with the molarity of 1M. Moreover, volumetric flasks of volume of 100ml were also provided. This were used to produce the NaOH(aq) solutions, hence the reason for allowing 100ml of NaOH(aq) to be produced.In its turn, conical flasks of 250 ml of volume were also provided. As mentioned on the introductory paragraphs, the analyte is deposit ed in the conical flask. In this case, a volume of 250 ml was allowed to host the acid and the titrated base giving enough space for the solution to be formed. Lastly, phenolphthalein indicator was provided together with it a pair of gloves to avoid casualtyal stain on students hands. The apparatus setting is shown below in fig. 1. fig. 1 diagram of apparatus used in the investigation 2. 2 Safety In terms of safety, the investigation involved very strong solutions.For instance, the sodium hydroxide pellets, although they were in solid form, after dissolving in water it could cause severe burns if put in direct contact with pare down or eyes. Hence, as a pre-cautionary measure some gloves as well as goggles were provided to students. It was important to point out that if in case of accident in eyes, swallow or skin contact it should be rinsed vigorously in abundant water and seek medical attention. As for the hydrochloric acid, it was a very acidic solution that if swallowed it wo uld be very harmful.Similarly to sodium hydroxide it could cause severe burns if in contact with eyes or skin. For prevention of any(prenominal) accident, lab coats, goggles and gloves were provided. However, in case of accident, medical advice had to be immediately provided to student. 2. 3 Procedure This experiment, it involved two different solutions of NaOH(aq), for this reason, it was allowed to students to work in pairs in order to save time, since only 3 hours were allowed to perform investigation. The first part of the investigation was to prepare two NaOH(aq) solutions. Hence, each student was allocated a mass of NaOH(s) to measure.In this investigation performed, 2g and 5g of NaOH(s) pellets were meant to be weight using a 2 decimal place weight balance. However, since relatively large pellets were provided and not powder, it made not possible to measure the exact mass intended, instead, 2. 07g and 5. 19g were weighed. After weighting the masses of NaOH(s), the pellets we ighting 2. 07g and 5. 19g each mass was put in a separate 250ml volumetric flask, water was added to the flask and then shook in order to let the pellets dissolve to for a solution A and solution B of NaOH(aq) respectively. Secondly, the apparatus shown in fig. was as shown in the figure. Thirdly, 20ml of HCl(aq) was measured as accurate as possible by using a pipette if 20 ml of volume. This HCl(aq) measured was put in a 250ml conical flask. After preparing the acid, in this case, the analyte, 7 drops of phenolphthalein indicator was added to the conical flask where the analyte was added. The conical flask was places on the magnetic stirrer as shown in fig. 1. The forwards part of the investigation was when a 50ml burette was filled with solution A. Following this, the magnetic stirrer was switched on, stirring the solution present in the conical flask moderately.Hence, using the tap present on the burette, the solution A was added to the conical flasks in a drop-wise fashion unti l one drop was added to turn the solution pink permanently. When the solution in the conical flask turned permanently pink, the end point of the titration had been reached, thus, the volume of solution A used from the burette was recorded. Then, the conical flask was rinsed in abundant water. The sixth part of the experiment was to repeat third to fifth part of the experiment to obtain a second reading of the volume used to titrate solution A.After the sixth part was finalised, second part to sixth part of the procedure was repeated, however, this time solution B was used in the place of solution A. By the end of the experiment, two values of volume of solution A and two values of volume of solution B titrated against the acid were obtained and recorded in table 1. 3. manipulation of Raw Data 3. 1 Results table Solution A Solution B Molarity of HCl(aq) 1 moldm-3 1 moldm-3 Volume of HCl(aq) 20 ml 20 ml Indicator used phenolphtlalein Volume of NaOH(aq) tribulation I 41. 1 ml 16. 8 ml Trial II 38. 4 ml 17. 1 ml Average volume of NaOH(aq) used 39. 8 ml 17. 0 ml Observations *Calculations*Average mass of NaOH(aq) used was metric using the following formula Trial I + Trial II2 * Not the mass expected was weighted mass for solution A -0. 1g diversion mass for solution B +0. 7g difference. * Bubbles given out when dissolving the NaOH(s) * Volumetric felt warm when mixing the NaOH(s) with water * Some residous seen in the acid * conelike flask was rinsed with tap water * Some acid was spilled on the table, i. e. not all 20 ml was put in the conical flask . Treatment of Results 4. 1 Processing raw data 4. 1. 1 Balanced equation The balanced equation of the reaction taken place in this investigation was reviwed in the introductory paragraphs, eq. 2 below eq. 2 HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) mole ratio 1 1 eq. 2 show that one mole of hydrochloric acid reacts with exactly 1 mole of sodium hydroxide to form salt sodium chloride and water, hence, the mol e ratio between the substances is 11. 4. 1. moles of HCl(aq) for solution A Again, the formula used to calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid for solution A has been reviewed in the beginning of the investigative report. Therefore, in order to find the moles of HCl(aq) eq. 5 was used eq. 5 moles1 = V1 (dm3) ? molarity (M) 0. 020 dm3 ? 1 moldm-3 = 0. 020 mol moles1 = ? V1 (dm3) = 20. 0 ml 20. 0ml pace = 0. 020 dm3 molarity (M) = 1 moldm-3 4. 1. 3 moles of HCl(aq) for solution B the formula used to calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid for solution B was the same as the formula calculated for solution A.Therefore, in order to find the moles of HCl(aq) eq. 6 was used eq. 6 moles2 = V2 (dm3) ? molarity (M) 0. 020 dm3 ? 1 moldm-3 = 0. 020 mol moles2 = ? V2 (dm3) = 0. 020 ml 20. 0ml 1000 = 0. 020 dm3 molarity (M) = 1 moldm-3 4. 1. 4 moles of NaOH(aq) for solution A From the molar ratio between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide it was seen that one mole of acid reacted all in all with one mole of the base. This is shown on eq. 2 HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) mole ratio 1 1 nd hence, eq. 7 moles of HCl(aq)= NaOH(aq) it is just to formulate that the number of moles of NaOH(aq) produced in this reaction was 0. 020 mol the same as the number of moles of HCl(aq). 4. 1. 5 moles of NaOH(aq) for solution B Again in the solution B, the molar ratio between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is the same as the above solution. Hence eq. 2 HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) mole ratio 1 1 and thus and hence, eq. 7 moles of HCl(aq)= NaOH(aq) t is just to say that the number of moles of NaOH(aq) produced in this reaction was 0. 020 mol the same as the number of moles of HCl(aq). 4. 1. 6 molarity of NaOH(aq) for solution A The molarity of NaOH(aq) from solution A was calculated using eq. 8 reviewed at the introductory paragraph of this investigative report. Hence eq. 8 Molarity for solution A = moles1volume1 0. 020 mol0. 0398 dm3 = 0. 5 moldm-3 moles1 = 0. 020 mol volume1 = 39. 8ml 39. 8ml 1000 = 0. 0398 dm3 4. 1. 7 molarity of NaOH(aq) for solution B The molarity of NaOH(aq) from solution B was calculated using eq. also reviewed at the introductory paragraph of this investigative report. Hence eq. 9 Molarity for solution B = moles1volume1 0. 020 mol0. 0170 dm3 = 1. 17 moldm-3 moles1 = 0. 020 mol volume1 = 17. 0ml 17. 0ml 1000 = 0. 0170 dm3 5. Discussion of Results The results obtained from the calculations carried out in this investigative report were somehow near the true value expected to get. For instance, the molarity of solution A was 0. 5 moldm-3 and the assigned molarity was also 0. 5 moldm-3. However, for the molarity of solution B, the value was a slightly offset, the actual value assigned was 1. moldm-3 and from the above calculation the molarity of the solution was 1. 17 moldm-3. Analysing the data from table. 1 it is possible that the difference on the molarity of solution B is due to many errors that occur red during the experiment. The main source of error in this experiment was human error. For instance, when the volume for solution B was being poured into the conical flask, some of the capacitance was spilled on the desk. This means that not all volume of acid was reacted with the base, as intended to be at the beginning of the experiment.This type of error mentioned on the above paragraph can be minimized have having more practice with using pipette. Another way is by utilizing sophisticated pipettes that will not let the content out unless the person utilizing chooses to do so by pressing a button. 6. Conclusion In this experiment, the unknown molarities of two solution of sodium hydroxide were to be investigating. The aim was to produce two solutions of NaOH(aq) and titrate them against an acid. The production of NaOH(aq) was successful which gave the opportunity to titrate against the acid.However the molarities calculated were very similar to the molarities intended. This sug gests that the investigation was successful, although it was not amply successful due to errors that occurred during the investigation. Nevertheless, the results can be used as the actual molarity of the solution taken into account that the initial masses were not as well as the masses intended to be weight. 7. References * Jones, L Atkins, P. (2000). Chemistrys accounting Reaction Stoichiometry. Chemistry Molecules, Matter and Change. 4th ed. New York W. H. freeman and Company. p160-162 * Clark, J. (2000).Basic Calculations Involving solutions. Calculations in AS/A Level Chemistry. Pearson Education Limited. p61 66 * LoveToKnow. (1996-2011). Titration Definiton of Titration. Available http//www. yourdictionary. com/titration. Last accessed 14th Nov 2011. * ChemBuddy. (2005). Concentration lectures definition. Available http//www. chembuddy. com/? left=concentration&right=concentration. Last accessed 15th Nov 2011. * Harold, C. (2011-2012). Experiment 2 Acid-Base Titration. CHE -00027/29 General and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Handbook. Keele University. p17-20 1 . Concentration number of molecules present in a specialised volume of a solution 2 . Molarity concentration of a solute per mole also known as molar concentration 3 . Analyte the solution with known values of its volume and concentration 4 . Titrant the solution with unknown values of volume and concentration 5 . End point the stage at which enough titrant has been added to neutralise the analyte 6 . pH meter a laboratory electronic equipment used to measure the pH of a solution 7 . pH the negative logarithm value of H+ present in a solution, determining the acidity of the solution

Aliens and Faith Essay

There argon many moralitys throughout our world. Some are even based on the substantial worship of what these believers call, Aliens from outer space. The majority of religions though do not believe in intelligent emotional state outside of human beings on planet Earth. Christianity is a main religion practiced worldwide part of its belief for most believers is just that, that we are the only intelligent life created by the Christian divinity fudge. The realizable existence of extraterrestrial life though does not give reason that religious beliefs are not true.The belief of an omniscient creator of all things, including our never ending expanse of Universe and the first step of what it holds, show that an omniscient creators power is never ending and our belief should be as well. solely religions require you to have faith, and with faith we rat accept any opening night. When people entertain the idea of extraterrestrial life they feel it casts doubt that the gods or divin ity of many religious beliefs cannot coincide with the reality of life.Quoting an anonymous source, here is one opinion Christians claim that the Bible has all the knowledge of how, when, where, what and why life was created and everything that theology has done. The Bible explains that God created angels and humans and animals on earth. That pretty much covers everything God has created from earth to heaven. If God doesnt mention aliens in His creations and only enunciates of how He sacrificed Himself for us it could be claimed that God did not create any early(a)wise life form outside earth.I think it would be absurd if God created other life forms in other parts of the universe and gave them free pull up stakes and then going through another self-sacrifice. Besides, there is only one wicked source, namely Satan that serves as our earthly test. This Satan only dwells on earth and not in other worlds. That is why aliens cannot exist. If aliens exist or go to earth it directl y proves that Christianity is a fake (QTD). Yet we are taught in this religion in particular to have faith in the God of Christ.That our faith can move mountains or raise the dead, if we just believe, then it can be done. In Him all things are possible. Aliens can still be a possibility even with religious beliefs, extraterrestrials and religion can still exist together. Keeping in tune with the Christian religion, also being the popular religion worldwide, we hear that the catholic faith of Christian belief states that they believe and are researching the existence of extraterrestrial life being a reality.In my opinion this possibility exists, Funes, the director of the Vatican Observatory, told LOsservatore Romano. Astronomers believe the universe is made up of 100 billion galaxies, each of which consists of 100 billion stars, Life forms could exist in system even without oxygen or hydrogen. (News). The Catholic Religion is the oldest Christian based religion historically and i s very dominant and deeply rooted with many assets. They will have scientist, astronomers, and researchers continuously providing facts and reasoning behind this coexistence.Ted Peters writes During the formidable period of medieval Scholasticism, despite the forceful impact of Aristotelian philosophy, Christian Theology was by no dream ups wedded to the idea that God created only one world Not only did nearly of our best minds affirm the idea of multiple worlds, some even spoke positively regarding the existence of extraterrestrial life. (Delio 250) There is the belief that any other life forms created where angels or demons and that aliens are not part of these creations. We can show that alien life forms can coexist with even these creations and it not disprove religion still.There are few places in the bible that speak of life outside of humans and none mentioning aliens or extraterrestrial life, but they are there. praise ye him , all his angels praise ye him, all his hostsf or he spoke and they were made. He commanded and they were created (Psalm 1482). Contrary to popular belief, the Bible does not say that the only intelligent beings populating the universe are humans, in fact God created countless non-human intelligent beings in the beginning mankind. God is known throughout the Bible as the Lord of Hosts (Flynn).To show faith in the God of Christ we can believe in the possibility of these beings and it not disprove them. Even in scriptures it does not come out and say it but it gives seed to the idea and possibility that God did create other hosts of this life. On a more general level the fact that alien life exists would mean that we are not the center of the universe. Most religions now sleep together that the earth is just a lump of rock, they still believe that WE as human being are the most important thing in creation, that we demand a special place in Gods plan.The existence of aliens would seem to make this implausible especially if they a re more advanced than we are (on all levels, intellectually, spiritually) This would mean that God has acted in the development of the aliens in a away he did not act in ours, which in turn would mean that we do not occupy the paramount role in Gods creation, which as I said is a fundamental idea in religions. For Christianity, Judaism and Islam the existence of aliens is especially problematic. All these religions are based on the idea of a covenant between us and God.Weidemann, a self-confessed Protestant Christian, mentioned a few potential answers. Maybe aliens are not sinners, like human beings, and as a result are not in need of saving. On the other hand, the principle of mediocrity the notion that own case in point is most likely standard except if there is proof to the opposite casts skepticism on this, he pointed out. Weidemann stressed that if there are extraterrestrial rational creatures at all, it is safe to believe that virtually all of them are sinners as well. He a dded that if aliens are sinners Jesus did not save them too.Weidemann asserted that their position among intelligent creatures in the universe would be very outstanding (Delage). With extraterrestrial life in the universe being seen as a possibility and many biblical references giving seed to this as truth, believers maybe are being tried with this theory as another way that we are tested in our faith. We are asked to have faith without seeing, and to believe without question the infinite intelligence of God the infinite possibilities he has, to let the unknown exist and still believe with a faith unfounded.

The Challenges of Strategic Management

Strategic Management 313 News Critique Topic 1 The Ch totallyenges of Strategic Management *Mishal Ibrahim Mohamed *Didi 12928039 1. News item sources Gross, D. 2010. Major new app breed to take on Apple, differents. http//www. cnn. com/2010/TECH/02/15/app. store/index. html? iref=allsearch (accessed March 6, 2010). Kincaid, J. 2010. The Wholesale Applications Community Sounds Like A Disaster In The Making. http//www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/ article/2010/02/15/AR2010021502209. html (accessed March 6, 2010).Mobile firms bring together to offer applications. http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/technology/8515813. stm (accessed March 6, 2010). Schenker, J. L. 2010. Mobile Industry Strikes Back at Google and Apple. http//www. businessweek. com/blogs/europeinsight/archives/2010/02/mobile_industry. html (accessed March 6, 2010). 2. Summary On February 15th 2010, the worlds largest 24+ companies that deal with telecommunications have announced that they are tying up with each ear ly(a) to form what they call the Wholesale Applications Community (Gross 2010).This strategy is aimed at creating a unified open platform to create applications to conk on both phone, including any carrier and any operation system (OS) that they are using (Kincaid 2010). As we know, Apple dominates the app merc generateise with more than than than 3 billion downloads in 18 months (_Mobile firms unite to offer applications 2010). The operators realised that their current strategy of creating individual applications for each of their phones was not able to come even close to the grocery store share and the competitive gain that Apples App store has (Gross 2010).They realized that if they combined their efforts with each other they would be able to serve 3 billion customers collectively (Schenker 2010). Currently all most all third party developers have all been developing for Apples App breed which amounts to about 140, 000 applications and almost completely ignoring the rel ievo of the market (Schenker 2010). The Wholesale Applications Communitys plan is to balance this market by bringing these developers towards them since they would be serving a bigger market collectively (Schenker 2010). They aim to have this common standard by a maximal of 12 months (Mobile irms unite to offer applications _2010). *3. Links* to topic This news critique links to Topic 1 The challenges of strategic Management in many ways. foremost the topic talks about what a strategy is and what achieving competitive advantage means. Apple in this case has achieved competitive advantage using its App Store. It has dominated the market for a long time with its applications which other companies were not able to imitate as efficiently (Gross 2010). Secondly, the topic talks about how there are mean strategies and emergent strategies and the implementation of these strategies.Since Apple had such a market dominance, the original strategy for the other companies were to make applic ations and application stores by themselves but as the market changed they decided to improvise and implement a new strategy which was to cipher with each other to make a universal application store that would work on all their phones (Schenker 2010). The aim of this strategy as explained in the summary was to even the market and reduce the competitive advantage that Apple had everyplace the rest (_Mobile firms unite to offer applications _2010). 4. What can be learntThere is a lot of things that can be learnt from this. For one, it shows the importance of implementing strategies and the power of achieving competitive advantage. The article said that Apples App Store had 3 billion downloads in 18 months because of how brilliant their app store was compared to the rest of the competition (_Mobile firms unite to offer applications _2010). What was also learnt was that no one strategy would work forever and that strategies need to be consistently changing based on the environment aro und the company as well as what the competition is doing.If the other telecommunication companies just s tood still with their old strategy then it is most likely that Apple would gain even more competitive advantage over them. They adapted and changed their strategies to match the market and compete. 5. Future developments There is a strong debate in whether this would be successful or not. Rob Conway, CEO of the GSM sleeper is extremely excited about this since he feels that it will be the start of an equal market with much more innovation (Gross 2010).Andy Rubin, Google VP of engineering, on the other hand believes that this is merely a dream and is extremely sceptical that it would work since he believes that the market place is too fragmented and also the specifications of each phone is too varied to create a singular format (Kincaid 2010). I personally think that this is both good and bad. I do agree that this would create more innovation and ultimately more value for the cus tomers since finally competition would be created in the application market, but at the same time I do notice certain problems.For example if they are creating applications that would work on any phone then I feel it is likely that we might start see too much similarity in phones. The sizes of phones would be almost the same, the screen size would be almost the same and so forth. Nothing would be more unique than the other and it is likely that the companies may argue with each other on what the final design should be. Then again if these application are do in such a way that it could fit any size then there should not be much of a problem. In conclusion, I guess time will tell how effective this strategy will be for the mobile phone market.

Leader case study on Steve Jobs Essay

Question 1excuse HOW EACH OF THE FIVE ELEMENTS OF OUR DEFINITION OF leading APPLIES TO STEVE JOBS LEADING APPLE?As defined by Mr. Achua leadership is the influencing process of leaders and followers to achieve organizational objectives through change. He defined effective leader to be soul who redeem the five elements of leadership as mentioned in the above excogitation. Mr. Steve Jobs has been a entire good example of being an effective leader for orchard apple tree. The five elements in his personality are discussed as follows_INFLUENCE_Influencing is the process of a leader communicating ideas, gaining acceptance of them, and motivating followers to support and implement the ideas through change. Mr. Jobs has been a amend example for this element. He has determine non only his employees as easy as his customers by bringing innovative products that his customers want. According to the casing the plenty who left orchard apple tree says though Jobs hogs the credit exact ly theyve never done better croak. This is how influenced his people from him. They were loyal and gave Mr. Jobs great respect._ORGANIZATIONAL OBJECTIVES_Effective leaders influence followers to think not only of their own interests but overly of the interest of the organization through a shared mess. Mr. Jobs didnt think virtually his own interests while work in orchard apple tree, the example of him hiring John Scuelly to bring professional management into power in place of himself is a prove, that he wanted his partnership to make grow. It was his vision that do the companies he worked for a success._CHANGE_There is no doubt if it is said that change was the most important element that Mr. Steve had for being an effective leader. orchard apple tree has been a accurate example of change and it was only possible because of Mr. Jobs. Discussing the companys think different advertising campaign, Isaacson writes, They debated the grammatical issue If different was supposed t o modify the verb think, it should be an adverb, as in think differently. But Jobs insisted that he wanted different to be use as a noun, as in think achievement or think beauty. This shows that he always wanted to be different and unique. Bill Gates also said that Jobs did things differently and its magical. According to the object lesson Jobs wanted to bring about change, took innovative risk.1 http//www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/comment/2012/10/apple-after-steve-jobs.html_PEOPLE_Leadership is about leading people. As per the case Jobs had been a controversial figure in business. People who have worked for Jobs over the years have mixed reactions to his leading people. Some call him temperamental, aggressive, knotted, intimidating, and very demanding. He has been known to verbally attack people who make mis rams and are not meeting goals and expectations. Yet, employees who perform up to expectation are well rewarded. Even many who feared him also had great respect for him as he did inspire loyalty, enthusiasm, and high levels of performance through continuous intention. Even people who left apple say its of cristal brutal and Jobs hogs the credit, but theyve never done better work. Hence they intend to follow him._LEADER FOLLOWERS_An effective leader needs to share his ideas and listen to others and implement their ideas to be effective. It is due to Mr. Jobs good training that Apple is still working well. When Mr. Job was sick back in 2004 and2009, Mr. Tim Cook (present chief executive officer of Apple) was given his position and through Mr. Jobs guidance he ran the company. He do his follower the next leader and trained him well for the job. According to the case while working with the design team, he used to take input from the followers into what is designed and how. Mr. Jobs always inspired loyalty, enthusiasm and high levels of performance through continuous innovation from his followers.QUESTION 2IDENTIFY LEADERSHIP ROLES PLAYED BY JOBS AS C EO OF APPLE. WHICH ROLE WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT?Figure 1 Leadership Managerial Roles by Henry MintzbergThe traits of all managerial roles defined by Mintzberg can been seen in Mr. Jobs being the leader of Apple. But the most important role that he played was being an entrepreneur that comes under decisional role. Following are the roles that he played while leading Apple_FIGURE HEAD_Mr. Jobs performed the figurehead role for Apple when he used to represent the organization. He used to make announcement for the launch of products, interacted with the customers. Signing official documents, entertaining clients or customers as official representatives. He used to give live interviews. He also used to informally lecture to people and attend outside meetings as an organizational representative._LEADER_Mr. Jobs played the leader role that is of performing the management functions to effectively lock the managers organization unit. According to the case he made decision for hiring profes sional management. He used to do coaching and give instructions to design segment specifically. He used to confront people if the performance of employees falls but also used toreward them if they performed well._MONITOR_Mr. Jobs performed the monitor role when he used to conglomerate information for innovative products, to discover problems and opportunities, and to understand events outside the organizational unit. He was a perfectionist. He used to monitor everything very closely. According to the case he was obsessive CEO who wanted his product to be practically perfect in every way. He was the one who stop the launch of one of Apple pay off before the launch date to be sure its perfect._DISSEMINATOR_Steve also played a disseminator role when he used to work with the design team. When nigh information needed to be transferred to the employees. When Mr. Cook become active CEO in 2009, Steve used to make decisions and convey them to him to bring it into action._SPOKESPERSON_Mr . Steve was a great spokesperson for Apple. He used to interact with people outside organization through seminars, meetings and interviews. The reason why people know him really well is, he used to speak to the public on behalf of Apple._ENTREPRENEUR_Steve Jobs is one of the best entrepreneurs. Through self-assessment he realized that his strengths was in developing new products. He believed the afterlife of Apple depends on the frequent product introduction and transition. His vision for Apple made him a great entrepreneur. Bill Gates also called him to be magician with intuitive taste. He does thing differently and it was magical in the eye of Bill Gates._DISTURBANCE HANDLER_Steve performed the disturbance-handler role of leadership when he took corrective action when the company was about to get bankrupt. According to the case Jobs saved the company in a way that is not seen in the history of Silicon Valley. Hence it proves him being a disturbance handler._RESOURCE ALLOCATOR_St eve was also a resource allocator when he used to appoint people in teams and to work they were good at. He allocated Sculley to be the CEO is an e.g of resource allocator._NEGOTIATOR_He was a great negotiator. He used to make people convince about his ideas. People were so influenced by him that they said no(prenominal) of them has done better work than him. One of the reason was he was a good negotiator.QUESTION 3WHICH LEVEL OF ANALYSIS IS THE PRIMARY FOCUS OF THIS side?The primary focus of the case is to have an analysis of oneself i.e self-assessment. Discovering what a person is good at can make him reach high targets of life. As Steve Jobs did his self-assessment and did it right he knew he was good at making new and innovative products, so he focused all his attention in doing this job which made him succeed. Doing the job you enjoy and are good at is the key for career development and reaching the top of success ladder. He had a clear vision in his mind for himself and App le which made him a great leader. So doing self-assessment and having a clear vision is the primary focus of this case.QUESTION 4EXPLAIN HOW EACH OF THE LEADERSHIP THEORY CLASSIFICATION APPLIES TO THIS CASE, AND WHICH ONE IS THE MOST RELEVANT?A leadership theory is an explanation of some aspect of leadership theories have practical value because they are used to better understand, predict, and control successful leadership. Leadership theory classifications include trait, behavioral, contingency, and integrative. Following is the explanation how all these apply to the case_LEADERSHIP TRAIT_ theories attempt to explain distinctive characteristics accounting for leadership effectiveness. Researchers analyzed physical and psychological traits, or qualities, such as high energy level, appearance, aggressiveness, self-reliance, persuasiveness, and dominance in an effort to identify a set of traits that all successful leaders possessed. According to the case Steve Jobs was also a person h e was aggressive, very demanding, tough and intimidating. He always showed high level of energy._BEHAVIORAL LEADERSHIP_ theories attempt to explain distinctive modal values used by effective leaders, or to define the nature of their work.Mintzbergs ten managerial roles are an example of behavioral leadership theory. This theory applies in the case by discussing different examples that showed Steve Jobs to be an effective leader. As discussed in the oral sex 2, Steve had showed almost all the managerial roles of being an effective leader when required. He had been an entrepreneur by introducing innovative products. He has been a spokesperson and a figure head for Apple. A resource allocator when he gave the CEO position to Sculley. A leader when he had to launch new products in a perfect way. A disturbance handler when he retrieve Apple back to the place that it deserved and so on._CONTINGENCY LEADERSHIP_ theories attempt to explain the appropriate leadership style based on the lea der, followers, and situation. In other words, which traits and/or behaviors will result in leadership success given the situational variables. Again Steve Jobs example has been used in this case to explain the contingency leadership. When he changed the culture back to entrepreneurial atmosphere. He was the man who had clear vision andunderstood the requirement of time and worked accordingly. other example that the case discuss is when he launch Pixar when working with NeXt._INTEGRATIVE LEADERSHIP_ theories attempt to combine the trait, behavioral, and contingency theories to explain successful, influencing leader-follower races. Researchers try to explain why the followers of some leaders are willing to work so hard and make personal sacrifices to achieve the group and organizational objectives, or how effective leaders influence the behavior of their followers. In this case it is seen when people though were not given credit of work yet followed Steve and trust him blindly. He made his followers grow and they were loyal to him.After discussing all the theories, I believe that the most relevant theories to this case and Steve Jobs is _Integrative leadership_. The reason being that it contains all the rest of theories including leader follower relationship that can be seen in Steve Jobs. The case mainly highlight _Trait and Behavioral leadership theories_ aspect in Steve Jobs personality however if he is studied in detail the Integrative leadership theories can be best applied to him.QUESTION 5WHEN STEVE JOBS LEAVES APPLE AGAIN, WILL APPLES PERFORMANCE shake off AND GO BACK INTO A CRISIS OF NEAR BANKRUPTCY? WHY OR WHY NOT?As everyone knows that Steve Jobs expired in Oct 2011, it has been 2 years that Apple is performing under Mr. Tim Cook leadership. According to the present position of Apple in the world being the best company, it can be said that Apple performance has reminded the same. One of the reason could be Steve being a great leader trained his f ollowers so well that it help the present management to sustain Apple position in market. Mr. Tim had been the CEO for Apple when Steve was sick and on leave. He made decision on behalf of Steve under Steve observation.So he has been trained to be the CEO and hence replaced Steve in a good way. However it wont be wrong to say that the punch of innovation and bring new products in the market is missing bethe company has introduced improved versions of the products that Steve Jobs introduced. As people are so hooked up with Apple products it helps the company to sustain its position. But if the company doesnt introduce something new soon its performance can be effected. As Apple is known for its innovation.The company recently launch Apple Map App but it was a failure. The perfection element that Steve products used to have was missing in it and Google maps were much better. But if we talk about financial performance then yes it has improved after Steve Jobs as well.

African Americans health disparities Essay

In 2011, the diagnosis point for HIV cases in the United States was 15. 8 per 100,000 population and 60. 4 among Blacks. Of 197,090 diagnoses of HIV-infection from 2008- 2011, Blacks/African Americans accounted for ?47% OF THE TOTAL ?64% OF WOMEN ?66% OF INFECTIONS ATTRIBUTED TO HETEROSEXUAL CONTACT ?67% OF CHILDREN, AGES 13 In 2010, the death rate for blacks was higher (25. 0 per 100,000) compared with any former(a) racial ethnicity group (3. 0 whites). Blacks represented 49% of all deaths with HIV in 2010.A recent study showed that blacks diagnosed with HIV are less credibly than other groups to be linked to care, retained in care, receive antiretroviral treat workforcet and achieve adequate viral suppression. African American Males African American men accounted for 42% of HIV cases diagnosed among men in 2011. A majority (72%) of African American men with HIV contracted the disease by young-begetting(prenominal) to male collision while 19% contracted HIV through heterosexual exposure. African American Females Among African American women, high risk heterosexual contact was the most frequently cited mode of transmission, accounting for 89% of cases diagnosed in 2011.More Information ?HIV/AIDS TOPIC SITE ?HIV/AIDS AND African AMERICANS ?HIV/AIDS STATISTICS AND SURVEILLANCE Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Gonorrhea In 2010, 69% of all reported cases of gonorrhea occurred among blacks. The rate of gonorrhea among blacks in 2010 was 432. 5 cases per 100,000 population, which was 18. 7 times the rate among whites (23. 1).This disparity has changed little in recent years. This disparity was larger for black men (22.2 times) than for black women (16. 2 times). Chlamydia In 2010, the boilersuit rate among blacks in the United States was 1,167. 5 cases per 100,000, a 4. 0% increase from the 2009 rate of 1,122. 2 cases per 100,000. The rate of chlamydia among black women was over seven times the rate among white women (1,536. 5 and 205. 1 per 100,000 women, r espectively). The chlamydia rate among black men was almost 11 times the rate among white men (761. 8 and 69. 9 cases per 100,000 men, respectively). Syphilis.

Brief Summary

In Bernhard analysis, she starts off her essay strong by stating how alpha Frederick Douglass speech was. In her first paragraph, Bernhard shows readers that Frederick Douglass was credible by stating how he himself was jump of the slave trade. Bernhard dissertation in her first paragraph that drives the rest of her essay is how she states that, Frederick was a huge part of the abolitionist movement, and that, Frederick wanted to show his aversion to thraldom and his passionate dedication to see it end. As Bernhard continues with her analysis, she states how Frederick not only talks o abolitionist alike, but to proud Americans. As she continues with her analysis, Bernhard always refers back to her thesis in her first paragraph. She states facts on how Frederick became such a huge part of the abolitionist movement. She shows readers how Frederick had the skill to gain the audiences sympathy and how he made his speeches more important to listeners.In Bernhard fourth paragraph, she r efers back to her thesis on how Frederick wanted to show his aversion to thrall and his passion to see it end. In this paragraph, she continues to show how Frederick appealed to his audiences sense and ride by comparing Americans history of revolt against repression and wrongdoing to slavery.In conclusion, Bernhard whole analysis was to show how Frederick was Important to abolitionist movement and to show how Frederick wanted to show his aversion to slavery and his passionate dedication to see It end. She backed up her thesis many times In her body paragraphs by showing how Frederick, showed his readers how corrupt American husbandry really Is. Then Bernhard ends her analysis by showing readers how Fredricks effort Is now slowly Impacting the movement and caused many to reconsider the state and direction

Audience Expectations in Horror Movie Trailers Essay

How genre conventions ar used to raise earshot antepasts in revulsion movie monotones. The word genre means geek or category (Teach yourself buck studies) it is really important as an audience member to recognise genres as then things father categorised and easier for them to understand which is to a greater extent comforting. Sometimes however genres atomic number 18 crossed and categories are broken for example sometimes we postulate action thrillers or sci-fi hatreds this is kn avouch as a intercrossed genre. This often intrigues the audience and draws them to the film as it changes their outlook as they have no expectations for the film as they have never been exposed to this genre before. The horror genre was created to frighten/disturb an audience. Cherry (2009) reinforces this theory The function of horror to scare, shock, revolt or otherwise horrify the viewer.These are the main conventions of a horror movie often portrayed apply fast cuts, heart speed music, flashing images, unknown creatures and darkened places. Horror is an ancient art discrepancy (www.horrorfilmhistory.com) which is still popular today because of the sensations it evokes, the audience feel comfortable with the horror genre as the generic conventions have not changed drastically over the years, the audience knows what to expect. The iconic symbols of horror such as haunted houses, unknown creatures, darkened places and flashing images are still used in all modern horror movies, although the genre evolves to fit approximately the era and to appeal to that audience. Genres are not static, they evolve their common attri onlyes change over time (Teach yourself film studies), this is because genres need to become more current for example what disturbed/ scare audiences 10 years ago may not effect audiences today.Today most audiences are terrified by the paranormal and ghostly experiences, the biffs for paranormal act, Insidious and Dont be Afraid of the Dark are all base around this theme but use distinguishable generic conventions to portray their theme. extrasensory Activity was released in 2007 and is an independent film costing only $11,000 to produce, the trailer prove uncomfortable to audiences as the generic conventions were broken. The trailer was not the usual blockbuster horror that audiences expect to see, it was shot in an average kinsfolk with a home camera, the camera angles are shaky and unprofessional and the actors are unknown which gives the feel that these are real events. Also the trailer not only shows clips of the movie but the audience reaction to what they are witnessing. This keeps the audience interested in the genre as they are not used to seeing an audience reaction they are intrigued as to why the audience are so frightened therefore want to see the film. We derive basic thrills from triggering the rush of adrenalin which fear brings (www.horrorfilmhistory.com). telegnostic Activity reinforces this theory as it became a huge hit world-wide although it was such a low cipher independent film. Paranormal Activity focuses on a young couple moving into a new home which is supposed to be an exciting time and people can relate to this as e reallyone has travel house at some point, the fact that the film is based in a normal household immediately alarms the audience. The sounds used in the trailer for Paranormal Activity are very effective as you can hear lots of screaming and fear but it is not in the film its self, its the audience that were first shown this film. Insidious was released in 2010 and was created by the same director as Paranormal Activity (James Wan) this draws in an audience immediately as people who are familiar with the directors work are immediately drawn to the film. Like Paranormal Activity, Insidious is also an independent film however the budget for this film was a lot higher at $1,500,000.The look the production company gave to this film is also a lot more professional a s there are no home cameras and shaky camera angles. However this film does still use unknown actors, since doing my research I have spy that the majority of horror films use unknown actors to make their film feel more graphic. Insidious is also based around the paranormal theme which shows that audiences in this era are frightened by the paranormal ghostly experience this must be working as insidious took in a double-dyed(a) of $53,991,137 (http//www.imdb.com/title/tt1591095/). Also Insidious uses tykeren and a family in a normal home this immediately effects the audience as they can relate it to their own lives. The horror genre has become more realistic like this as instead of using zombies, vampires and made up creatures the genre has become more based around real life and what could actually happen as it affects the audience in a more psychological way.Also using children in the trailer will immediately effect parents as they start to imagine what they would do if that was their child and how it would affect them which straight away frightens them and evokes unwanted emotions/thoughts I can blab for all parents when I say the loss of a child has to be pretty much the worst thing that could ever happen to them (http//www.horror-movies.ca/horror_13935.html) I have also looked at the film trailer for Dont be Afraid of the Dark which was released in 2011. This film is from a dissimilar director to Paranormal Activity and Insidious however it follows a similar plot and has the paranormal ghostly edge. The budget for this film was much higher than both Paranormal Activity and Insidious at $25,000,000 the trailer is very stereotypical and uses the typical conventions of a horror trailer as it consists of multiple flashing images, heart racing music, phantasm and unknown creatures. The sound used in a trailer is very important as fast paced non-diegetic music is usually played throughout the trailer which subconsciously makes the audience feel on edge and worried, also the diegetic sounds used such as loud bangs, creaky floorboards and screams make the audience jump.Putting both of these non-diegetic and diegetic sounds together creates tension and an uncomfortable atmosphere. Dont be Afraid of the Dark also uses a small child within the film this is kind of controversial and usually makes older members of the audience feel uncomfortable as they imagine it as their own child. Also using a small child shows an extreme amount of vulnerability as small children cannot fend for themselves and they are not as strong as an adult. How does the speed of what we see compare to ceremonial occasion a clip from a film? (Teaching trailers) the speed of what we see in the trailer gives the audience a taste of what to expect in the film. The trailer starts of easily to attract the audiences attention and get them interested in what they are watching, then the speed builds up to alarm the audience and frighten them erstwhile this has happened th e trailers slows back down to an average speed to give the audience time to react and think about what they just witnessed.When comparing the three trailers together they are all very similar as they are all based around a paranormal scenario and they all evoke the scared/frightened emotion to an audience. Also two of the trailers use children which takes away the innocence of a stereotypical child and makes the audience feel uncomfortable as the ordinary has been changed. Paranormal employment breaks the boundaries of the horror genre the most by showing the audience reactions within the trailer as this had never been done before which attracted a wide audience and made a lot of money. It also got a lot more publicity and became an extremely famous well known film purely because it took the audiences expectation of a horror film and changed it.However Insidious and Dont be Afraid of the Dark are very stereotypical horror films using obvious frightening objects in their trailers wh ich have been used throughout the history of the horror genre. The set-up of these trailers is also very stereotypical and expected because of the fast paced heart racing sounds and the fast paced flashing images. I also think it is important that all of the actors in these films are unknown why are we told who is starring in the film? (Teaching trailers) this is because well-known actors with a huge fan base attracts audiences to a film, however with the horror genre this does not work as audiences cannot get a realistic feel as they are familiar with the actor and their work.This is why I think all of the films work well as none of the actors are very well known. To conclude I think that genre is used in all of these trailers to raise the audiences expectations but in very different experimental ways and this is successful, the horror genre is visible throughout all of the trailers and they have all attracted a wide audience using some different experimental or stereotypical expec ted techniques.BibliographyCherry, Brigid. (2009) Horror. Oxon Routledge.Wilson, Karina. (2001-2011) Horror Film History. Available from www.horrorfilmhistory.com (Accessed 26th October 2011) http//www.imdb.com/title/tt1591095/ (2011) (Accessed 26th October 2011)http//www.horror-movies.ca/horror_13935.html (2011) (Accessed 26th October 2011) statute title Teach yourself film studiesTitle Teaching trailers

Life is amazing but not always easy Essay

Happiness, sorrow, victory, defeat, day-night are the 2 sides of the me . besides feel is full of scraps of joy, pleasure, success and comfort apointed by misery, defeat, failures and problems. in that location is no human cosmos on Earth, strong, powerful, wise or rich, who has not experienced suffering or failure. heart is beautiful but not always easy, it has problems, too, and the challenge lies in facing them with courage, letting the peach tree of life subprogram like a balm, which makes the pain bearable, during trying times, by providing hopeHappiness, sorrow, victory, defeat, day-night are the two sides of the me coin. Similarly life is full of moments of joy, pleasure, success and comfort punctuated by misery, defeat, failures and problems. There is no human being on Earth, strong, powerful, wise or rich, who has not experienced, struggle, suffering or failure.No doubt, life is beautiful and either moment a celebration of being alive, but one should be always rea dy to attend calamity and challenges. A person who has not encountered difficulties in life can never achieve success. Life is beautiful but not always easy, it has problems, too, and the challenge lies in facing them with courage, letting the beauty of life act like a balm, which makes the pain bearable, during trying times, by providing hopeHappiness, sorrow, victory, defeat, day-night are the two sides of the me coin. Similarly life is full of moments of joy, pleasure, success and comfort punctuated by misery, defeat, failures and problems. There is no human being on Earth, strong, powerful, wise or rich, who has not experienced, struggle, suffering or failure.No doubt, life is beautiful and every moment a celebration of being alive, but one should be always ready to face adversity and challenges. A person who has not encountered difficulties in life can never achieve success. Life is beautiful but not always easy, it has problems, too, and the challenge lies in facing them wi th courage, letting the beauty of life act like a balm, which makes the pain bearable, during trying times, by providing hope

PEST Analysis for a Company in the Tourism Industry Essay

The Tourism diligence is one of the fastest growing industries in theworld. The World act and Tourism Council estimates that in 2004Travel and touristry is expected to generate* US$ 5,490.4 billion of economic activity* 10.4% of total GDP* 214,697,000 jobs or 8.1% of total employment* 12.2% of total exports 1My task is to conduct a PEST analysis for a beau monde deep down the Tourism diligence.Within the touristry industry, I shake to select one atomic heel 18a of interestlike transportation, accommodation and transportation and so forth and thenone company doing business with these sectors related with thetourism. match to Leiper ?Transportation is the unaccompanied link between thetourist-generating region and coating region?2So, transportationwas a more(prenominal) interesting sector to discuss in the report but I tried to honor a company which is related with all these main sub-sectorsdiscussed above in the report.I pick up decided to look in the U.K market for such company because?Tourism is one of the largest industries in U.K, worthy approximately75.9 Billion to the U.K economy in 2002 and supporting around 2.1million jobs.? 3During my research on internet I show many companies offering work in the tourism of U.K but I possess decided to choose ?SimplyTravel? because of its variety of service offering related with theaccommodation, transportation and attractions.1.2 Problem FormulationIn the problem diversityulation part of my report I would desex out the overall situation of the U.K Tourism industry. The service concept of?Simply Travel? pass on give us randomness about the service providedby the company. I will influence out about the customers, competitors ofthe company. I will find out what policy-making, economical, social andtechnological factors necessitateing the company and its demand situation.1.3 LimitationsThe biggest limitation for writing this report is time and the pagesto write. It is a broad topic and it could b e better presented ifavailable more time and space to write about, but passive I have triedtohighlight some main points raised during my finding. My knowledgeabout the company ?Simply Travel? is internet-based and I could notable to contact the company for further information. Due to the lackof information about the company I will only describe one component ofthe help Management System. I will be describing only the OT partof the SWOT analysis.1.4 MethodologyBeing inspired from the Service Management System I will describe theservice concept of the company .I will conduct a P.E.S.T analysis tofind out the political, economical, social and Technological factorsaffecting the company. From SWOT analysis, I was conducting OTanalysis to find opportunities for the ?Simply travel? in future.1.5 DataI will use Secondary data collected from different industry reportsavailable on internet for my report. Data provided in conductingP.E.S.T analysis has been taken from www.statistics.gov.uk.C hapter 22.1 Simply Travel?s Service Concept4Established in 1978, Simply Travel has been providing travel solutionssince 26 years for the discerning travels who want more from theirholi solar day than still a decent tan. Not through the aggressive marketingtactics, but by providing an attractive alternative to mass-marketpackage holidays has exit ?Simply travel? to gain a big loyalty poolamong the holiday travellers.Mentioning about the core services provided by the, company provideshand- picked properties to meet the individual needs of its customers.Ski holidays, winter sun, Family holidays ( picky locations forfamily holidays with child c ar) helpful staff, slumber of mind andsafety during the whole travel ar the core services provided by thecompany.Unparalleled service, late availability, nannies for kids , pleasantexperiences for its customers are the peripheral services provided bythe company.2.2 Service PackageService package provided by the company for different holiday t ravelsincludes all drome taxes, flights and transfers, accommodationincluding breakfast and meals and the service of its representatives.Chapter 33.1 Customers passmaking is the main reason that UK house physicians travel abroad. Asthe company deals with the both inbound and outbound tourism I willhave a brief look on the inbound and outbound market. Number ofoverseas visits by UK residents gain to 59.3 million in2002.Expenditures by these visitors, excluding international fares27.07 billion-slightly higher than the total for the domestic market(which includes fares).Describing about the demographics of the customers, most of thecustomers are families with children and old(a) tribe but latest trendhas been seen in the youth to take holidays.3.1.1 Customers? Buying BehaviourContinued concerns over safety and pledge while travel are foundin the customers for holiday travels. Tourists are increasingly buyingexperiences rather than a usual deed holiday. They try to find aparticu lar activity.The fuel blockades at U.K petrol stations, the events of 11thSeptember 2001, the foot and mouth outbreak, SARS and Iraqi warfare hashad continuous affect on the buying behaviour of UK market customers.Consumers are showing a continue search for value for money fromtheirholiday choices. Consumers expect more choice, individuality andvariety.3.2 CompetitorsAggressive marketing by base cost airlines and internet bookingagencies present a big challenge for the holiday market. Airlines likeBritish Airways are offering customers to make their own travel plansthrough internet. Travel agents compete in variety of ways i.e. price,quality and the package itself. Companies offer special discountedpackages and as well as compete on branding. As there are hundreds oftravel agents in the U.K market so, it?s surd to specify thecompetitors in the market. Travel select, Expedia, Travelocity, Ebookers and Thomas cook etc. are the big names in the market andoccupy the bigger part of holiday sales for the U.K customers.3.3 MarketI can say that market is in a state of perfect competition and noindividual consumer and travel agent is in position to affect themarket.Key mastery factors for ?Simply Travel? are* Effectively segmented and targeted adventure travellers marketwithin the larger travel market.* Successfully positioned as travel specialists.* Personal interaction, media and marketing.* Repetition of customers, Loyalty pool3.4 PEST analysisTo assess the market for the business of ?Simply Travel? I willconduct PEST analysis to find out about the governmental, Economic,Social and Technological factors in the outdoor(a) macro-environment.3.4.1 Political FactorsPolitical arena has a huge influence upon the regulation of businesses.It includes government regulations and legal issues under whichbusinesses should operate.According to the findings, political environment of U.K. is quitestable.Issues like enlargement of European Union and war against terror haveh ad aneffect on the political stability of the government.In result of growing sentience of the environmental consequences, U.KGovernment is planning actions to ensure aviation reflects itsenvironmental impacts. Proposals are emerging for a tax on aviationfuel and VAT on air tickets.Government?s revenue policies and finale about the increasing thepetrol prices have affected the buying power of the individuals inU.K.The political decision as to whether a UK sign up to single Europeancurrency is again having an effect on the businesses.3.4.2 Economic Factors Economic factors affect the purchasing power of potential customersand also affect the individual companys offerings.U.K economy is benefiting form gradual low inflation rate. Inflationrate Inflation rate fell to 1.3% in February 2004.In U.K, unemployment is low. According to wear market statistics inJanuary 2004 fell down to 4.8 per cent. Job confidence is high andbecause of this confidence spending by consumer is also high.Pr edictions point to continuing GDP growth over the period averagingaround 2.4% a year (GDP rose by 0.9% in fourth quarter of 2003), withreal household disposable income rising at a somewhat fleet rate.Household expenditures rose to 0.9 per cent with the increase indisposable income.The UK?s deficit on trade in goods and services in February 2004 stoodat 3.2 billion ?compared with the revised deficit for January of 4.4billion.Continued sales growth has been observed during the past fewer months inthe UK economy.Exchange rates are favourable for UK residents for travelling abroad payable to strong position of British Pound against the separate foreigncurrencies. ?Euro? used as a single currency in many Europeancountries, is also stable against the another(prenominal) foreign currencies.Latest predictions for the UK economy suggest that it will remain oneof the strongest economies in the world over the following five years, withlow inflation (inflation fell to 1.3% during February 2004), lowunemployment and reasonable economic growth.The downside is that disparities between the wealthier parts of thecountry, not all in the south east of England, and pockets ofdeprivation, will get wider, with implications for travel demand.These are likely to influence the growth of the UK resident travelmarket.3.4.3 Social FactorsA trend of getting internet access at domicil and buying online isdeveloping in the UK. According to statistics in September 2003, 11.9million households online were recorded.Listening to music or radio is a popular choice among the UKresidents.92% of people content to spend their evenings and weekendswatching TV or hired videos. To socialize, most people think toentertain family and friends at home rather than going out (79%).A great trend has been seen in U.K population about food and healthissues in the recent years. This trend leads towards the need of morefitness clubs and organic food for the people from U.K Changes in thestructure of the po pulation because of the immigrants from Europe,Asia and Africa etc. will also affect the supply and demands of goodswithin the U.K economy.Continued concerns over safety and security while travelling are foundin the U.K residents.Lifestyle changes have also been affecting the U.K travel market for anumber of years. Postponing the start of the family and an increase inthe number of households consisting of couples with two incomes arethe main trends toward the changing life style. Changing fashions,which are difficult to predict also have an affect on the market.3.4.4 Technological FactorsThe rapid development of technology is affecting the businesses in UKand all over the world. Changes in the technology have changed the waybusinesses operate i.e. Internet booking for tickets and holidays.Faster changing development in technology creates a need to reactquickly for different businesses in order they want to maintain thecompetitive environment by providing the same innovative services ,which their competitors are offering.Distribution of products by the use of technologies e.g. marketinginformation systems, customer relationship management are also commonpractices with different businesses for effective services to theircustomers.Chapter 44.1 Impacts on demand situationFindings from the PEST analysis will alter me to comment on theimpacts on the demand situation of the customers of the ?SimplyTravel?.ElasticitiesChanges in the quantity demanded due to change in price and income arevery important for the tourism industry. Rising disposable incomeamong the UK residents is the electropositive indication for the ?SimplyTravel? that people will have enough money to buy company?s products.However, Government?s fiscal policies for tax on aviation fuel and VATon air tickets will impact the company?s supply of services at thesame rate. Higher prices of the tour packages will lead to lesserdemand among the UK residents.Cross-Price ElasticitiesNot only a price change in t he UK due to taxes is important but alsothe price of the facilities in other destinations wherecompany servesis also important. For example rising prices in Italy, Spain etc. fordifferent tourism related products will also make supply of productsexpensive for the tourists.TrendsLatest trends of home- entertainment and more awareness about the dietand health-issues does also have an impact on the demand of thetourist. Company will have to draw up the Supplies of servicespackages with variety of facilities available check toindividual?s choice, so it can make supply of the products a bitexpensive for the customers. purchase methodGrowing direct purchases of holiday packages from airlines will impactthe demand situation .Buying the package direct from suppliers i.e.Hotels, air lines will flow the demand of the tourists.Moreover, low inflation rate and high employment rate and favourableexchange rate will increase the buying power of the tourists so itwill increase the demand in Brit ish holiday travellers for the holidaytravels abroad.4.2 OT analysisTo find opportunities and flagellums from the external environment forthe ?Simply Travel?, I will conduct the OT analysis.4.2.1 OpportunitiesOpportunities exist for ?Simply Travel? in expanding the servicepackage according to the latest trends such as* Packages with individual concerned Diet and health matters* Adding particular activities for the tourists, providingexperiences* Providing more choice, individuality and variety.And providing the real value for the money of the tourists.4.2.1 ThreatsCheap airlines adding facilities for the travellers to make their owntravel plan is the biggest threat for the company.Government?s decision to add taxes on aviation fuel and VAT for airlines arealso a main threat for the company.Latest trends of home entertainment i.e. listening radio, watching TV,Inviting family and friends are also threatening the company.Terrorist attacks like 9/11 is also a big threat for the company .Chapter 5ConclusionI conclude my report by saying that the Holiday Travel market in UK isin a state of perfect competition. Though there are positive signs inthe economy for present and near future and buying power of theindividuals is increasing day by day but still ?Simply Travel ? is in need to expand its service package according to the latest trends.1 http//www.wttc.org/2004tsa/frameset2a.htm2 Tourism, principles and practices,2nd edition,pp53 www.staruk.org.uk4 The information used in describing the service concept and servicepackage of ?Simply travel? are obtained from www.simply-travel.com.

Near The School For Handicapped Children Essay Essay

In the verse, close the school for injure children by Thomas Shapcott a man and his daughter are passing by a local school for handicapped children and come across a handicapped boy from a distance. In stanza one, the poet (Thomas Shapcott) describes the boy physically. In stanza two and three, he is still describing the boy, but withal telling us how he feels about seeing him and how he compares himself to the boy while watching him. In the final stanza, he describes how the boy is happy and leaves the people who are watching him behind.Within the first stanza, as stated before, the Poet describes the handicapped boy physically. In the line his shirt jerks at his body the author uses an affective idea of personification, bountiful the boys shirt human characteristics. By using this structure, the poem becomes more descriptive and hooks the reader in making them want to read more. By writing the physical properties of the boy, the poet has written this stanza in third person, f or pattern his hat, his shirt and his feet.In the second stanza, the writer is still describing the boy, but leading his demeanor back to himself, and using his own physical properties in comparison to the boys. We can see this in the lines his limbs remind me of how straight/is my own spine and that I take/my fingers for granted he then says he is waiting for the green light this is the first direct action that the Poet gives us. The other actions he has used previously have all been depressive disorders, where he has given us clues to puzzle together ourselves, to make a natural image in our mind. Whereas in this line, he tells us what the boy is doing directly.Stanza three is a little different to stanzas 1 and 2 because it is written in first person. This is recognized because of the way the writer has written MY fingers, I am hurt, I fear MY, IM, grasps ME These are all examples of first person the author has used. some other big factor of this stanza is the emotion and technical vocabulary I am hurt by my single is a great example because it makes you feel sympathetic towards the boys disadvantages. Another great example within the text is his struggle rasps me like a whisperStanza four has a complete lurch in the whole poem. It is nothing alike to the other stanzas, and the poet tries to show you how the handicapped boy is still happy, no matter how different he is or how umpteen problems his world has, he dances and skips away, no matter how many people stare or what anybody else thinks. A good strategy the author has used here is repetition. In the line he skips he dances and skips he uses the word skips over and over again for affect. He also uses a simile for a finish. Like a skimming tambourine brittle with musicOverall, the descriptive poem Near the school for handicapped children By Thomas Shapcott has been written informatively and gives you a real impression on real life issues for some people. I highly recommend this poem to anyone w ho will make whoopie it, as I really did.By Bo Jacobsen

Human Activities and the Loss of Natural Resources Essay

inbred resources including defect, water, wood, mineral and biodiversity entertain been repeatedly destroyed around the world by homos. Since 1970, oer 600,000 full-strength kilometers (232,000 squ ar miles) of Amazon rain timberland have been destroyed (Butler, 2011). The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) estimated that soil erosion carries away a intensity level of soil equivalent to one metre deep over 200,000 hectares each twelvemonth in the Philippines. In Asia, where water has always been regarded as an abundant resource, per capita availability declined by 40-60% between 1955 and 1990 (Coleridge, 2006). In South Africa study conservation firmaments such as Kruger national park risked losing up to 60% of the species under their fosterion (Brown, 2004). evocative of the rednesses of subjective resources, this essay will discuss how gentleman activities harm the worlds natural resources in terms of the loss of soil resource, forest resource, and biodiversity. The loss of soil resourceHuman activities have often led to the loss of soil resources, which are the basis for sustained food security. Soil occurs of course from physical and chemical disintegration of rocks and minerals combined with fossil. Because of such a combination, soil has different properties. Nowadays human activities repeatedly destroy soil resource. For illustration, illegal logging degrades soil quality. It is easy for wind and water to transport fertile soil away, which eventually outlets to soil erosion. The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization, a branch of United Nations) estimates that the global loss of productive land through erosion is 5-7 billion ha/year. Another example of the loss of soil resource is farmers lack of knowledge ( , 2554). These farmers will not know indeed how to prepare soil for cultivation. That is wherefore the soil quality is damaged. WRI, UNEP, UNDP, and World Bank have found that the degradation of soil resources all over the w orld is 1.9 billion hectares. Both examples show that human activities cause the loss of soil resource. The loss of forest resourceForests, which are valuable asset and essential resource on earth, have been destroyed by human activities. Nearly 4 billion hectares of forest cover the earths surface, roughly 30 percent of its total land area (Mygatt, 2006). There are many tree and animal species in the forest, so forests contain a lot of beneficial things for humans. Many human activities destroy the forest area. For example, raft often cut down the trees and use the wood for trade, fuel, and furniture. The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation will result to the loss of forest area. Forest area decreased worldwide by 0.22% per year in the halt 1990-2000 and 0.18% per year between 2000 and 2005 (FAO, 2006).This research shows that the world in every year still continues to lose the forest area. Another example of human activity is people, especially in developing countr ies, change the forest area to agriculture land and tourist attraction including resorts, museums, and parks. The 2007 report, which involved more than 1,300 scientists from 95 countries, said that every year about 10-million hectares of the worlds forests are lost to unsustainable modes of economic development. All of above are human activities, which cause the loss of forest resource. The loss of biodiversityDespite knowing about biodiversitys importance for a long time, human activity has been causing the loss of biodiversity. Biodiversity means the diversity of plant and animal life story in a particular habitat around the world. Scholar estimates that there are 5 million species on the earth, but only 1.9 species are known. Nevertheless, the numbers of species have been disappearing by human activities every day. For instance, illegal logging is the greatest cause of species deadion worldwide because tropical forests contain at least(prenominal) half the Earths species. Sci entists said that plant and animal species are now disappearing atomic number 6 to 1,000 times faster than the natural pace of extinction.This rapid extinction rate makes ecosystem become imbalance. Another example of human activity that causes the loss of biodiversity is hunting. Most people hunt for food, trade, and recreation. This activity also makes the wildlife become extinct rapidly. Statistics data on the loss of biodiversity suggest that at least 20% of bird species have already completely vanished and that 23% of mammals, 25% of conifers, 32% of amphibians and 52% of cycads continue to face serious threat of extinction. These are the examples of human activities that lead to the loss of biodiversity.Human activities (such as illegal logging, farmers lack of knowledge, land clearing, and hunting) are the major causes of the losses of soil resource, forest resource, and biodiversity. People should pay more attention to these problems. They can learn more information about the soil to prevent the loss of soil resource. When they cut down trees, they should not block off to reforest for avoiding the loss of forest resource. They should be more concern and conserve to the forest area to protect biodiversity, otherwise plant and animal species on earth may decrease and totally disappear from the earth.

Book binding Essay

OBJECTIVES2. OBJECTIVESThe term binding is some dates used to describe the cover of a tidings. For example, you might key out to a news as having a binding of leather, or being bound in linen. exactly binding also means the act of attaching many pages to one another to produce a book. Bookbinding is a very old craft and the techniques used in hand-binding have hardly changed over the centuries. Mechanization has changed the instruction most books are made but hand-bound books still use the comparable the techniques and equipment.As a craft, bookbinding plays an each-important(prenominal) role in the production of artists books, the preservation of antique books, and in training for attractive arts students. As a commercial process, bookbinding plays a role in the lives of any consumer who picks up a book or magazine. Advances in commercial bookbinding techniques have greatly improved the cost, and therefore accessibility, of printed material all over the world. IT 3. WHAT DI D YOU DO TO ORGANIZE ITA prior permission has been taken from the Teacher-in-Charge of our institution to perform the work. viii students of class VIII, Sec A are selected to participate with me. The Biology Laboratory of this institution has been selected as the playfulnessctional place. I first told the students the procedure of book binding Stapling and Sewing The collected papers exactly the same sized are piled them up. Then staple down/sewed along one edge. Gluing A flannel paper paste, or library paste, is good for most purposes. Covering Any book will be enormously improved if it has some kind of a cover. The cover doesnt have to be stuff or cardboard or particularly heavy.prasenjitzoologygmail. com 1 BOOK BINDING CONTRBUTIONS4. CONTRBUTIONS MINE I direct as well as helped the students how to prepare for such works. MY HEAD TEACHER He encouraged and motivated me to perform the work. He also helped me by inspiring the students also. He also helped me by granting a store for that. MENTOR The Principal, Prof. D. P. Nag Chowdhury of the College, Shimurali Sachinandan College of Education was the mentor who helped me mentally as well as providing printed materials to do the work.The film director of the workshop, Prof Trishna Goswami as well as the Coordinator, Prof. S. R. Adhikari of the College, Shimurali Sachinandan College of Education, P. O. Shimurali, District Nadia also helped me in many ways. A book binder of that locality also helped various ways to make successful this work. CTIVITY 5. OUTPUT OF THE ACTIVITYStudents puke bind books at home following these simple instructions. This is so simple that the students themselves can make them for the bliss of learning science.It can encourage them in publishing business. PERSONAL6. YOUR PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS Students shortlisted the materials from their book or as directed that are needed to perform the work. Sheets of paper for binding into a book, Bone folder, Studio Tac double-si ded adhesive, whale papers for end pages, Pencil, Jade glue, Paint brush, Headband tape, Craft knife, Binders board (acid-free), Book canvas, Iron-on transfer paper (optional)are collected by the students from their homes and market. Then prasenjitzoologygmail.com 2 BOOK BINDING they started the work following the book binding procedure as stated. My students enjoyed this very much and many of them tried this on their own. EXPERIENCES Teaching children roughly the publishing business entails to a greater extent(prenominal) than writing stories and creating characters. In fact, you can turn any English lesson into a crafts project by introducing children to bookbinding activities. DIFFICULTIES Manipulatives and experiments are teaching aids that the children are allowed to play with and touch.Hence it was a time consuming process. FROM7. FEED BACK FROM STUDENTS The participants were fully satisfied and wished such programme to be of more and more so that they could update th eir knowledge & activity. This is the spirit of teaching and learning. With hands on activities they acquire first-hand knowledge which inspires them to rent the field of publishing to become successful who is the wealth of a nation. COLLEAGUES They highly appreciated such activities more and more so that the students can easily understand their lessons.The students can test these works without any apprehension of cost or breakage. This is so simple that the students themselves can make them for the joy of learning science. Teaching children bookbinding is a way for them to become part of this long tradition of book arts in a fun and imaginative way. MENTOR He thanked me so that I have done the work accordingly in involvement with my students in my institution. This will be proved very useful in rural and urban schools as well. ************* prasenjitzoologygmail. com 3